Filaments of plasticized lower fatty acid esters of cellulose



Patented Feb. 1, 1949 'FILAMENTS OF PLASTICIZED LOWER FATTY. ACID ESTERSF CEI LULOSE Amerigo F. Caprio, Madison, and William Horback, Newark, N.J assignors to Celanese Cor,- poration of America, a corporation ofDelaware No Drawing. Application October 2, 1945, Serial No. 6195893 1This invention relates to the production of yarns and filaments having abasis of a synthetic filament-forming base material and relates moreparticularly to yarns and filaments of improved textile characteristicsdue to the presence therein of a novel modifier or plasticizer for thebase material of said yarns or filaments.

An object of this invention is the provision of improved yarns andfilaments of excellent strength and elasticity comprising a syntheticfilament-forming base material having incorporated therein a novelplasticizing agent for said base material.

Another object of this invention is the production of improved yarns andfilaments comprising a synthetic filament-forming base materialcontaining as a plasticizer therefor ahalogenated-diphenyl-trichlorethane or alkoxy de-" rivative thereofwhereby improved characteristics are imparted to said yarns andfilaments.

Other objects of this invention will appear from the followin detaileddescription.

. Yarns and filaments having a basis of a syn thetic filament-formingbase material find extenslve use in the textile industry. -To becommercially acceptable, such yarns and filaments must possess asatisfactory degree of strength and elasticity and must be capable ofbeing woven into fabrics which may not only be dyed and processed easlybut which-also have a satisfactory hand as. well as attractive drapingqualities.

We have now found that by incorporating ahalogenated-dlphenyl-trichlorethane plasticizing agent of thefollowing'general formula 'wherein R is an alkyl group, X is a halogen,m

is at least 1 and n is 0, 1 or 2 in the base material from which saidyarns andfilaments are formed or in the spinning solution from whichsaid yarns and filaments are spun, excelent'textile proper- .ties areimparted to said yarns and filaments.

, faults normally encountered in the production of 4 Claims.. (Cl.106-186) fabrics, e. g. they are substantially free of slubs,

shirry appearance, etc.

Greater or lesser-amounts of said halogenated-- diphenyl-trichlorethanesor the alkoxy derivatives 5 thereof may be incorporated in said plasticcomposition, the amount varying from 2 to 50% of the weight of saidfilaments depending upon the physical properties desired. Fabrics wovenoi yarns and filaments containing said plasticizing agents may be dyedvery satisfactorily. Advantageously, other plasticizing agents such astriphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trlacetin. dibutyl phthalate,camphor, naphthalene, paradichloro-benzene, castor oil,2-ethyl-1,3-hexanel5 diol, n-butyl mesityl oxide oxalate may also beincorporated in said filaments together with thehalogenated-diphenyl-trichlorethanes.

The plasticized yarns and filaments prepared in accordance with ournoveiprocess may have a basis of any suitable synthetic filament-formingbase material. As examples of such materials, there may be mentionedorganic acid esters of cellulose, such as cellulose acetate, cellulosepropionate, cellulose butyrate, celluloseacetate propionate andcellulose acetate-butyrate .and cellulose ethers, such as ethylcellulose and benzyl cellulose. Other synthetic base materials havingfilament-forming properties in which said plasticizing' agents may beincorporated are, for example, synthetic linear polyamide condensationproducts, or'polyvinyl compounds, such as polymerized vinyl chloride,polymerized vinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetals and polyvinylalcohol.

The halogenated-diphenyl-trichlorethanes may be incorporated in thesynthetic filament-forming base'materials in various ways. Wherefilaments are being prepared froma solution of the syntheticfilament-forming base material in a volatile solvent medium by extrusionoperations, the halogenated-diphenyl-trichlorethane may be added to thespinning done in the desired amount and the solution thus obtainedextruded through a spinneret into an evaporative atmosphere. Wheremelt-spinning operations are employed, 'whichprocess comprises heatingthe filamentforming base material to such a temperature that.

with or resting upon such screening asses-n 3 tate or dicyandiamide. Thehalogenated-diphenyl-trichlorethanes may also be incorporated inspinningsolutions where the filaments are formed by wet spinning operationscomprising extruding a solution of the filament-forming base materialinto a liquid setting medium, providing. of course, the coagulating orsetting medium is not a solvent for thehalogenated-diphenyl-trichlorethane.

Any desired degree of twist may be inserted in the plasticized filamentsin the manner known to the art and the yarns formed may then be woveninto fabrics. The construction of the fabrics may be such that all ofthe yarns comprising. said fabric both in the warp and filling containthe plasticizing agent. The plasticized yarns may also be woven togetherin such a manner with yarns of various other synthetic textile materialsor naturally occurring fibers to yield a fabric in which only a part ofthe yarns forming the fabric contain the plasticizing agent, theplasticized yarns forming either the warp or filling, alternating in thewarp or filling with unplasticized yarns or they may be doubled in anydesired manner with the 'unplasticized yarns.

Surprisingly enough, we have found that the' insecticidal properties ofthe halogenated-diphenyl-trichlorethane plasticizing agents are not lostwhen incorporated in said filament-forming base materials, thus givingthe yarns or fabrics formed in accordance with the present inventionhighly desirable insecticidal properties. The

plasticiz'ed synthetic filaments may be reduced to a staple fiber formby suitable cutting operations as well known in the art and mixed withwool fibers during carding operations priorto the formation of yarns. Inthis way said fibers may be uniformly distributed throughout the yarnswhich are then formed from the mixed fibers and any fabrics woven fromsaid modified woolen yarns will possess a substantially permanentmoth-proof or other insect-proof character.

In lieu of incorporating synthetic staple fibers containinghalogenated-diphenyl-trichlorethane, or an alkoxy derivative thereof, inwool prior to the formation of the woolen yarns, the woolen fabrics maybe woven with effect threads of a synthetic material either in the warpor in the weft, said threads being formed of a synthetic yarn into whichhalogenated-diphenyl-trichlorethane has been incorporated and in thisway a satisfactory moth-proof or other insect-resistant fabric may beobtained.

Screens having outstanding insecticidal properties may be formed bysuitably weaving a mesh fabric from highly twisted yarns or heavy deniermono-filaments of a synthetic filament-formingmaterial in whichhalogenated-diphenyl-trichlorethane, or an alkoxy derivative thereof,has been incorporated. Any insects coming in contact are ultimatelydestroyed.

In our application 8. No. 619,892 filed on even date herewith the use ofour applicants novel plasticizer is described in connection with plasticcompositions which may be molded under the action of heat and pressure.

In order further to illustrate our invention, but without being limitedthereto, the following examples are given:

Eranrple I A 75 denier, 40 filament cellulose acetate yarn is preparedby extruding a solution of the follow- 4 ing composition through aiii-hole spinneret into an evaporative atmosphere cc'unprising heatedire Parts by weight Cellulose acetate 25.0 Acetone 71.25 Water 3.!5Dlchloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane 5 Example I! Filaments may be formed ofthe following composition as described in Example I:

Parts by weight Cellulose acetate -1oo Dichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane15 Methyl phthallyl ethyl glycollate 15 Acetone 3220 Alcohol 80Dicyandlamide 2 Excellent yarns are obtained.

I Example III Filaments are formed of the following composition: j

Parts by weight Vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate copolymen- 100 IDichloro-diphenyl-trichlorethane 25 Ethyl methyl ketone (hot) 350 Thefilaments obtained produce excellentfabrics on weaving.

It is to be understoodthat the foregoing detailed description is givenmerely by way of illussisting essentially of tration and that manyvariations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of ourinvention.

Having described our invention, what we desire to secure by LettersPatent is:

1. A textile material comprising filaments consisting essentially of alower fatty acid ester of cellulose and having incorporated therein as aplasticizer and in an amount of from 2 to based on the weight of saidester a compound of the formula wherein x is a halogen, and a stabilizerimparting resistance to chemical change under the action of heat.

2. A textile material comprising filaments consisting essentially ofcellulose acetate and having incorporated therein as a plasticizer andin an amount of from 2 to 50%, based on the weight of said celluloseacetate a compound of the formula CO1: QM

wherein x is a halogen, and a stabilizer imparting resistance tochemical change under the action of heat.

3. A textile material comprising filaments concellulose acetate andhaving incorporated therein as a plasticizerdichlorodiphenyl-trichlorethane in an amount of from 2 to 50%, based onthe weight of the cellulose acetate, and a stabilizer impartingresistance to chemical change under the action ofheat.

4. A textile material sisting essentially of cellulose acetate andhaving incorporated therein as a plasticizerdichlorodiphenyl-trichlorethane in an amount of from comprisingfilaments conacetate and having incorporated therein dicyandiamide as astabilizer.

AMERIGO F. CAPRIO. WILLIAM HORBACK.

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